New data from the field in Central Africa shows that between 2002 and 2013, 65 percent of forest elephants were killed. They are being poached, for their ivory, at a shocking 9 percent per year.
This new data marks an update to an earlier paper in the online journal PLOS ONE on the status of forest elephants across Central Africa, published by the same scientists. Many organisations collaborated in the study which covered 80 sites, in five countries, over the twelve years of data collection.
The earlier paper, published in 2013, already had shown a decline of 62 percent of the population between 2002 and 2011 — to less than 10 percent of its potential historical size, and that elephants occupied only a quarter of the forests where they once roamed.
The update, released at the United for Wildlife symposium today in London, was made by adding new data from 2012 and 2013 and using the same analysis methods as before.
“These new numbers showing the continuing decline of the African forest elephant are the exact reason why there is a sense of urgency at the United for Wildlife trafficking symposium in London this week,” said Dr. John Robinson, WCS Chief Conservation Officer and Executive Vice President of Conservation and Science. “The solutions we are discussing in London this week and the commitments we are making cannot fail or the African forest elephant will blink out in our lifetime. United for Wildlife, which is headed by The Duke of Cambridge, is determined to work together to turn back these numbers.”
Conservationists gathered at the United for Wildlife symposium – “International Wildlife Trafficking: Solutions to a Global Crisis” are discussing ways to protect wildlife and combat trade.
Said WCS’s Dr. Fiona Maisels, one of the researchers releasing the new numbers and a co-author of the landmark paper: “At least a couple of hundred thousand forest elephants were lost between 2002-2013 to the tune of at least sixty a day, or one every twenty minutes, day and night. By the time you eat breakfast, another elephant has been slaughtered to produce trinkets for the ivory market.”
The results show that the relatively small nation of Gabon has the majority (almost 60 percent) of the remaining forest elephants. Historically, the enormous Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) would have held the largest number of forest elephants. “The current number and distribution of elephants is mind-boggling when compared to what it should be,” said WCS’s Dr. Samantha Strindberg, one of the co-authors. “About 95 percent of the forests of DRC are almost empty of elephants”.
The decline in the elephant population is shocking. Considering the gestation period of an elephant of 22 months and the fact that they take very long to reproduce may contribute to the dramatic decline in the population of the elephants.
Prevention methods for poaching would be to assign ‘guards’ to every elephant herd, which protect the animals. These guards keep a distance between 500 m to 1 km from the elephants and are armed with firearms. This will prevent poachers from attempting to attack the animals.
Education of those who are most likely to be involved in poaching is another method of prevention. Providing them with information of the animals and the consequences of poaching and giving them a job that will actually help the elephants and not deplete them. This will offer them a steady income and prevent them from committing to such crimes.
Placing chips in the elephants to trek them and the prohibiting the trade of ivory are good prevention methods as well. Undercover investigation in the ivory black market have also been very successful.
I believe it is important to stop elephant poaching while elephants are not yet approaching extinction.