Aerospace
The world witnessed the dawn of a new space age today, as investor and philanthropist Paul G. Allen and Scaled Composites launched the first private manned vehicle beyond the Earth's atmosphere. The successful launch demonstrated that the final frontier is now open to private enterprise.
Under the command of test pilot Mike Melvill, SpaceShipOne reached a record breaking altitude of 328,491 feet (approximately 62 miles or 100 km), making Melvill the first civilian to fly a spaceship out of the atmosphere and the first private pilot to earn astronaut wings.
New fuel for the next generation of military aircraft is the goal of a team of Penn State researchers who are demonstrating that jet fuel can be made from bituminous coal. "On a pilot scale, we have produced thermally stable coal-based jet fuel," says Dr. Harold H. Schobert, professor of fuel science and director of Penn State's Energy Institute. "This coal-based fuel can absorb significant amounts of heat and remain stable to 900 degrees Fahrenheit." The new fuel will not decompose at high temperatures to create the deposits of carbon, which foul valves, nozzles and other engine parts.
The Defense Department today unveiled a billion dollar roadmap for unmanned aerial vehicles during the next 25 years. Plans call for developing joint interoperable UAVs that are capable of everything from surveillance to air strike. "The roadmap provides those high priority investments necessary to move UAV capability to the mainstream," said Dyke Weatherington, deputy of the UAV Planning Task Force in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, at a DoD press briefing today. "The potential value UAVs offer range across virtually every mission area and capability of interest to DoD. The roadmap identifies those key technology areas that we think are right for investment."
To assess the wear and tear on jet engine parts, mechanics used an old technology called ferrography to run the aircraft's lubricating fluid through a magnetic device to separate out metal shavings and other ferrous engine debris. A University of Rhode Island researcher uses a similar process to assess the wear and tear on artificial hip and knee joints so patients can reduce the number of follow-up surgeries they must undergo or reduce the time spent in revision surgery.
"Gung ho" means "work together," and that's what Texas-based Geneva Aerospace, Inc. has got its flying robots doing. Using technology developed with the support of the Office of Naval Research, Geneva Aerospace showed that a single human operator can control three unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) at once. The flight tests were conducted between January 7 and 17 of 2003 at Desert Center, California.
The horse, a classic model of grace and speed on land, is now an unlikely source of inspiration for more efficient flight. So says a group of University of Florida engineers who have recreated part of a unique bone in the horse's leg with an eye toward lighter, stronger materials for planes and spacecraft.
The third metacarpus bone in the horse's leg supports much of the force conveyed as the animal moves. One side of the cucumber-sized bone has a pea-sized hole where blood vessels enter the bone. Holes naturally weaken structures, causing them to break more easily than solid structures when pressure is applied. Yet while the third metacarpus does fracture, particularly in racehorses, it doesn't break near the hole - not even when the bone is subjected to laboratory stress tests. UF engineering researchers think they've figured out why - and they've built and are testing a plate that mimics the bone's uncanny strength in a form potentially useful for airplanes and spacecraft.
NASA has developed a way to pilot aircraft independent of local navigational aids, infrastructure and even good ol' landmarks. The NASA Global Differential GPS system at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory has demonstrated the ability to achieve real-time aircraft positioning accuracy of 10 centimeters horizontally and 20 centimeters vertically, anywhere in the world. Think of it this way: Using the NASA system, a pilot could remotely navigate an unmanned aircraft from, say, Atlanta, Georgia and have it land within three inches of its target in Tokyo, Japan.
It's a technique Orville and Wilbur (God, I still love those names) Wright used a century ago to keep their early airplane afloat. Now the U.S. Air Force thinks it might have legs --- or wings --- again. It's called wing warping. Instead of movable flaps and ailerons to steer and control a plane, warping bends the entire wing to achieve the desired effect. The Air Force has fancied it up a bit and redubbed it "active aeroelastic wing" technology. But the goal of its $41 million investment is, like the Brothers Wright, to produce lighter, more maneuverable planes. >> Related sites
Boeing has joined a small group of technology bigwigs trying to test a theory that would let engineers negate some of the effects of gravity. The American aerospace giant is using the work of controversial Russian scientist Yevgeny Podkletnov, who claims to have developed a device that can shield objects from the Earth's pull. Other researchers claim Podkletnov's work is hokum, but considering the cost savings such a device would represent for air travel, Boeing seems intent on getting to the bottom of it all. The Russian says he found that objects above a superconducting ceramic disc rotating over powerful electromagnets lost weight, the BBC reports. "The reduction in gravity was small, about 2 percent, but the implications --- for example, in terms of cutting the energy needed for a plane to fly --- were immense."
