Archive | March, 2010

Facing the future — science in the Muslim world

Scientists in Islamic countries are often thought by those in the West to be languishing behind the rest of the world. Jim Al-Khalili tells Physics World readers what has been impeding scientific progress in the Islamic world — where historically science was once so strong — and examines some projects that could herald a brighter future.

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Evidence-based medicine theory can be applied to frequent flying says US professor

When New York-based Professor Leslie Citrome sets off for his latest conference or speaking engagement, he isn’t just armed with a stack of medical journals and his passport. He makes sure he packs a calculator and notebook as well!

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In the face of racism, distress depends on one’s coping method

The way people choose to cope with personal experiences of racism influences the distress caused by the encounter, according to a new study of Filipino-American men and women.

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Small soda taxes insufficient to curb consumption among children, study finds

Small sales taxes on soft drinks in the range currently in force in some states are insufficient to reduce consumption of soda or curb obesity among children, according to a new RAND Corporation study.

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Short-term program for binge eaters has long-term benefits

April 1, 2010 (Portland, Ore.) — A new study finds that a self-guided, 12-week program helps binge eaters stop binging for up to a year and the program can also save money for those who participate. Recurrent binge eating is the most common eating disorder in the country, affecting more than three percent of the population, or nine million people, yet few treatment options are available.

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More than one-quarter of elderly patients lack decision-making capacity at death

Ann Arbor, Mich. — More than one in four elderly Americans lacked the capacity to make their own medical care decisions at the end of life, according to a study of 3,746 people to be published April 1 in the New England Journal of Medicine.

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Gorillas in the list: New extinction fears for central African gorillas

Illegal logging, the bushmeat trade, mining, the charcoal trade and a new strain of the Ebola virus could drive gorillas into extinction in central Africa in as little as 15 years, according to a new report from the U.N. and Interpol.

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Discovering new tools for nanoscience

In nanoscience, researchers are truly limited by the technology of their field, needing increasingly more advanced tools for studying, analyzing and manipulating objects and systems at the scale of individual molecules and atoms.

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The big melt

PRINCETON, NJ. On the last day of the month, Climate Central has just published an interactive animated map showing what we might expect in Marches to come as the climate warms.

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The lesson by Jean-Paul Sartre, Le Duc Tho and Grigori Perelman. Part 2

After looking through the Internet, I see that there is still a huge and lively interest in the personality of Grigori Perelman really all over the world (without exaggeration). The available reactions range from outrageous antisemitic attacks till near-deification – and these both extremes make me very sad.

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Study: 88,000 US citizen children lost lawful immigrant parent to deportion

The United States government has deported the lawful immigrant parents of nearly 88,000 citizen children in just a decade, according to a new report released today from the University of California, Berkeley, and the University of California, Davis law schools.

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Unequal leg length tied to osteoarthritis, says Queen’s professor

KINGSTON, ON — A new study shows that arthritis in the knee is linked to the common trait of having one leg that is longer than the other.

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Information-age math finds code in ancient Scottish symbols

In the northern British Isles, the Celtic tribes known as the Picts coexisted for centuries alongside literate cultures such as the Romans, the Irish and the Anglo-Saxons.

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New models for optimizing mission control of unmanned aerial vehicles

With funding from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, engineers at Boston University are working on a theoretical approach to improve automated mission control and decision-making for fleets of unmanned aerial vehicles.

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Biofeedback more effective than EGS and massage for chronic rectal pain

CHAPEL HILL — A new study conducted by Italian researchers, in collaboration with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, finds that biofeedback is more effective than two other treatments for a type of chronic rectal pain called levator ani syndrome.

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Spray application rate, equipment affect pest management in greenhouse ivy plants

MERELBEKE, BELGIUM — In Belgium, ornamental plants account for almost 0.46 billion euro in sales, or about 34% of total horticultural production output. For growers, finding ways to control pests in production facilities is more difficult as the availability of authorized plant protection products becomes more regulated.

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Despite much-higher poverty rates, rural Oregonians use less public assistance

CORVALLIS, Ore. — Despite high levels of poverty and unemployment rates that are nearly double that of their urban counterparts, working families in rural Oregon tend to make less use of public assistance, especially childcare subsidies, according to researchers with Oregon State University’s Family Policy Program.

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‘Lighting a match in a tornado’ is 1 of multiple feats for propulsion center

When Walter O’Brien was a young boy, he recalls a moment of complete exhilaration when he was able to design and build a balsa wood airplane model that actually flew from his parents’ front porch, across the street, and landed on the neighbor’s deck. That boy of 10 is now in his early 70s, but he remains as excited about his engineering prowess now as he was then.

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Impaired brain connections traced to schizophrenia mutation

The strongest known recurrent genetic cause of schizophrenia impairs communications between the brain’s decision-making and memory hubs, resulting in working memory deficits, according to a study in mice.

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Carbon nanostructures — elixir or poison?

A Los Alamos National Laboratory toxicologist and a multidisciplinary team of researchers have documented potential cellular damage from “fullerenes” — soccer-ball-shaped, cage-like molecules composed of 60 carbon atoms. The team also noted that this particular type of damage might hold hope for treatment of Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, or even cancer.

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