{"id":2702,"date":"2024-03-13T15:01:49","date_gmt":"2024-03-13T15:01:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/horizon.peachpuff-wolverine-566518.hostingersite.com\/?p=2702"},"modified":"2024-03-13T15:01:49","modified_gmt":"2024-03-13T15:01:49","slug":"the-school-route-to-healthier-eating","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scienceblog.com\/horizon\/2702\/the-school-route-to-healthier-eating\/","title":{"rendered":"The school route to healthier eating"},"content":{"rendered":"

Offering nutritious meals to students can improve diets and counter obesity across Europe.<\/p>\n

By <\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Ali Jones<\/p>\n

When the lunch bell rings at the Sancta Maria primary school in the Belgian city of Leuven, standard packed meals aren\u2019t on the menu for dozens of hungry children.<\/p>\n

Instead, the pupils receive freshly prepared, hot organic vegetarian fare delivered daily to the school canteen. The meals come by bicycle from nearby, purpose-built kitchens belonging to \u201cFoodatelier\u00a0C\u00e9sar\u201d \u2013 a service set up by a parent keen to promote healthy diets.<\/p>\n

Eye-opening menus<\/strong><\/p>\n

The students are participating in a project that received EU funding to improve the nutritional value of meals served at schools across Europe. Called\u00a0SchoolFood4Change<\/a>, the four-year initiative runs until the end of 2025.<\/p>\n

At Sancta Maria and two other schools in Leuven, a medieval city located 25 kilometres east of the Belgian capital Brussels, the new menus were introduced in November 2023. Some early resistance by children has waned as they get accustomed to the cuisine, according to\u00a0Tom Berghmans, the parent behind the catering service.<\/p>\n

\u2018We notice that the way the food is served, who serves it and what they do to motivate the children play an even bigger role in getting them to try new things than the taste itself,\u2019 said Berghmans, a local architect who has two children getting to sample the new school offerings.<\/p>\n

SchoolFood4Change features 3 000 schools and 600\u00a0000 children in total across Europe. The cities represented are in 11 EU countries besides Belgium: Austria, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Slovakia, Spain and Sweden.<\/p>\n

The goal is to make healthy food a regular part of children\u2019s lives. With obesity on the rise in Europe and awareness growing of industrial agriculture\u2019s threat to the environment, the idea is to instil in young people an appreciation of eating habits that benefit both people and nature.<\/p>\n

Whole view<\/strong><\/p>\n

The European branch of a global network of local and regional governments known as\u00a0ICLEI<\/a>\u00a0is running the EU project.<\/p>\n

\u2018We\u2019re looking not just at getting the food on the table but also at how it gets there and the potential, from an educational point of view, to help foster healthier diets and eating habits,\u2019 said Amalia Ochoa,\u00a0head of sustainable food systems at ICLEI\u2019s Freiburg office in Germany.<\/p>\n

Who produces the food, where it comes from and how meals are prepared are all of concern to SchoolFood4Change \u2013\u00a0in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals as well as the EU\u2019s\u00a0Farm to Fork<\/a> strategy.<\/p>\n

In what it calls a \u201cwhole school food\u201d approach, the project encourages\u00a0cooperation among small farmers, schools, local food suppliers and caterers.<\/p>\n

\u2018This approach looks at the bigger scheme of things \u2013 of achieving a healthy and sustainable food culture in and around schools, including public procurement of food, training school chefs and getting the chefs and farmers that grow the food to work with children,\u2019 said Ochoa.<\/p>\n

In making sure that every participating child has at least one healthy meal each school day, the project is also contributing to an EU goal to ensure\u00a0free school meals<\/a> for all children in need in Europe.<\/p>\n

In 2022, almost\u00a0one in four<\/a> people under the age of 18 in the EU was at risk of poverty or social exclusion.<\/p>\n

\u2018For children from disadvantaged\u00a0families, lunch may be the only good meal that they have,\u2019 said Ochoa. \u2018Some schools are also looking at breakfast snacks because many children are coming to school on empty stomachs.\u2019<\/p>\n

She said that numerous cities in SchoolFood4Change are working with schools in more disadvantaged areas but not exclusively because children in general are considered a vulnerable group.<\/p>\n

Obesity influences<\/strong><\/p>\n

Poverty can increase the likelihood of obesity by limiting people\u2019s access to healthy foods.<\/p>\n

Roughly one in three children in Europe is overweight or living with obesity, according to a 2022\u00a0report<\/a> by the World Health Organization.<\/p>\n

Obesity, which can lead to diseases such as diabetes and cancer, has drawn the attention of Professor Franco Sassi, director of the Centre for Health Economics and Policy Innovation at Imperial College London in the UK.<\/p>\n

He led an EU-funded research project that examined the spread of childhood obesity in European countries and what policy responses would be the most effective.<\/p>\n

Called\u00a0STOP<\/a>, the project wrapped up in November 2022 after more than four years and brought together researchers from across Europe as well as from New Zealand and the US.<\/p>\n

Using cutting-edge techniques to measure biomarkers in children and identify the main factors linked to obesity, the experts concluded that its origins begin before birth.<\/p>\n

The health of both parents starting from before conception, and particularly of the mother during pregnancy, plays an important role. This suggests that tackling obesity in children requires addressing the health of young mothers.<\/p>\n

\u2018We need to ensure that women of child-bearing age are able to have a healthy lifestyle and live in an environment that is conducive to healthy choices,\u2019 said Sassi.<\/p>\n

Poverty link<\/strong><\/p>\n

The STOP research also reinforced the connection between obesity and poverty.<\/p>\n

Living in disadvantaged socioeconomic circumstances entails a number of risk factors for obesity, according to the project.<\/p>\n

These factors include neighbourhoods that lack green spaces and are difficult or unsafe for children to walk through, an excess of food outlets that typically sell little or no fresh fruit and vegetables and a high share of fast-food stores.<\/p>\n

STOP also identified that children who get more than 30% of their calories from ultra-processed foods \u2013 junk food \u2013 are much more likely to become obese early in life.<\/p>\n

Sassi said regulation is an effective way of making healthy choices the easy option, not only by limiting the number of fast-food shops in any neighbourhood but also by encouraging suppliers to produce intrinsically healthier products.<\/p>\n

\u2018Incentives for industry to reformulate their products make it a lot easier for people of low socioeconomic status to eat healthy diets,\u2019 he said.<\/p>\n

In the UK, for example, a tax on sweetened drinks prompted a fall in consumption and pushed manufacturers to drop the sugar content by 40%.<\/p>\n

STOP suggests such taxes could be widely extended to food products as well as drinks.<\/p>\n

Back to school\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

The researchers examined ways to help families tackle weight troubles in children and to build obesity-prevention programmes into regular school activities.<\/p>\n

The project tested an app for parents meant to encourage physical activity for their children and improve food choices.<\/p>\n

It enables parents of pre-school children to log their intake of sugary foods as well as fruits, vegetables and drinks. Feedback comes at the end of each week \u2013 as do regular notifications with tips drawn from current diet and exercise guidelines for pre-schoolers.<\/p>\n

The app was trialled in Romania, Spain and Sweden by 150 families. While the results are still being analysed, the app could lead the way in making treatment for early childhood obesity more accessible and effective, according to Sassi.<\/p>\n

The STOP team also worked with national public health agencies in six European countries \u2013 Estonia, Finland, Italy, Portugal, Slovenia and Spain \u2013 to identify the barriers to stepping up physical-activity programmes at schools.<\/p>\n

The inspiration was a school programme in Slovenia that improved access to sports and regularly monitored children\u2019s fitness levels, providing a benchmark for the pupils and their families.<\/p>\n

While such arrangements cost money, they should be seen as a long-term investment in public health, according to Sassi.<\/p>\n

\u2018In the overall scheme of things, compared to the running of schools generally, it\u2019s a minor investment that is required,\u2019 he said. \u2018The intervention is justified by its benefits going forward, including in terms of reducing future medical expenditure.\u2019<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, back in Leuven,\u00a0Berghmans emphasised how a little imagination can help children overcome resistance to healthier meals and even ultimately embrace them.<\/p>\n

He said that, at one of the Belgian schools taking part in SchoolFood4Change, pupils willing to try a meal they frown on receive a gold-coloured spoon as a recognition.<\/p>\n

\u2018Especially for the younger children, this is a game changer,\u2019\u00a0Berghmans said.<\/p>\n

Research in this article was funded by the EU\u2019s Horizon Programme. The views of the interviewees don\u2019t necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. <\/em><\/p>\n

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