{"id":267,"date":"2020-01-20T16:54:45","date_gmt":"2020-01-20T16:54:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/niaaa.peachpuff-wolverine-566518.hostingersite.com\/?p=267"},"modified":"2020-01-20T16:57:38","modified_gmt":"2020-01-20T16:57:38","slug":"combined-prenatal-smoking-and-drinking-greatly-increases-sids-risk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scienceblog.com\/niaaa\/267\/combined-prenatal-smoking-and-drinking-greatly-increases-sids-risk\/","title":{"rendered":"Combined prenatal smoking and drinking greatly increases SIDS risk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Children born to mothers who both drank and smoked beyond the first trimester of pregnancy have a 12-fold increased risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) \u00a0compared to those unexposed or only exposed in the first trimester of pregnancy, according to a new study supported by the National Institutes of Health.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

SIDS is the sudden, unexplained, death of an infant under one year of age.\u00a0 Many studies have shown that the risk of SIDS is increased by maternal smoking during pregnancy. Some studies have also found that prenatal alcohol exposure, particularly from heavy drinking during pregnancy, can increase SIDS risk. Now, the NIH-funded Safe Passage Study provides a look at how SIDS risk is influenced by the timing and amount of prenatal exposure to tobacco and alcohol.\u00a0 A report of the study appears in\u00a0EclinicalMedicine<\/em>, an online journal published by\u00a0The Lancet<\/em>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201cOurs is the first large-scale prospective study to closely investigate the association between prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure and the risk of SIDS,\u201d said first author Amy J. Elliott, Ph.D., of the Avera Health Center for Pediatric & Community Research in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.\u00a0 \u201cOur findings suggest that combined exposures to alcohol and tobacco have a synergistic effect on SIDS risk, given that dual exposure was associated with substantially higher risk than either exposure alone.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

To conduct the study, a multi-center team of scientists from throughout the U.S. and in South Africa formed the Prenatal Alcohol in SIDS and Stillbirth (PASS) Network.\u00a0 From 2007 until 2015, PASS Network researchers followed the outcomes of nearly 12,000 pregnancies among women from two residential areas in Cape Town, South Africa; and five sites in the U.S., including two American Indian Reservations in South Dakota and North Dakota. \u00a0The study sites were selected for their high rates of prenatal alcohol use and SIDS, and to include populations where the ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in SIDS remains understudied.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The researchers determined one-year outcomes for about 94 percent of the pregnancies. They found that 66 infants died during that time, including 28 SIDS deaths and 38 deaths from known causes. In addition to the almost 12-fold increased SIDS risk from combined smoking and drinking beyond the first trimester of pregnancy, they\u00a0 determined that the risk of SIDS was increased five-fold in infants whose mothers reported they continued smoking beyond the first trimester, and four-fold in infants whose mothers reported they continued drinking beyond the first trimester.\u00a0 These risks were in comparison to infants who were either not exposed to tobacco or alcohol during gestation or whose mothers quit tobacco or alcohol use by the end of the first trimester.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201cThe Safe Passage Study provides important new information about the role of dual exposures to prenatal smoking and drinking as risk factors for SIDS,\u201d said co-first author Hannah C. Kinney, M.D., of the Department of Pathology at Boston Children\u2019s Hospital and Harvard School of Medicine.\u00a0 \u201cOur findings support the current recommendation of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Surgeon General, and the World Health Organization that women not drink or smoke during pregnancy, and emphasizes the significance of dual exposure, which provides the greatest risk for infant mortality.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

In a joint statement, the leaders of the NIH Institutes that provide primary funding for the Safe Passage Study said:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201cThese findings provide still more evidence of the vital importance of the early prenatal environment to healthy postnatal outcomes. Insofar as many women quit drinking and smoking only after they learn that they are pregnant, this study argues strongly for screening for substance use early in pregnancy and intervening as soon as possible. It also calls for stronger public health messaging regarding the dangers of drinking and smoking during pregnancy, and among women who plan to become pregnant.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

George F. Koob, Ph.D.,<\/p>\n

Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Diana W. Bianchi, M.D.<\/p>\n

Director,\u00a0Eunice Kennedy Shriver<\/em>\u00a0National Institute of Child Health and Human Development<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders also supports the Safe Passage Study.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Reference: Amy J. Elliott, Ph.D., Hannah C. Kinney, M.D., Kimberly A. Dukes, Ph.D., et al, for the PASS Network. Concurrent Prenatal Drinking and Smoking Increases Risk for SIDS: Safe Passage Study Report<\/a> EclinicalMedicine \u00a0Published online January 20, 2020.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

About the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA):<\/p>\n

The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), part of the National Institutes of Health, is the primary U.S. agency for conducting and supporting research on the causes, consequences, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of alcohol use disorder. NIAAA also disseminates research findings to general, professional, and academic audiences. Additional alcohol research information and publications are available at\u00a0www.niaaa.nih.gov<\/a>.<\/p>\n

About the National Institutes of Health (NIH):<\/p>\n

NIH, the nation’s medical research agency,\u00a0includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.\u00a0NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research,\u00a0and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit\u00a0www.nih.gov<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Children born to mothers who both drank and smoked beyond the first trimester of pregnancy have a 12-fold increased risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) \u00a0compared to those unexposed or only exposed in the first trimester of pregnancy, according to a new study supported by the National Institutes of Health.   SIDS is the … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":336,"featured_media":268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"generate_page_header":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[27,29,28,20,61,69,70],"class_list":["post-267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-alcohol","tag-national-institute-on-alcohol-abuse-and-alcoholism","tag-niaaa","tag-nih","tag-pregnancy","tag-sids","tag-smoking"],"yoast_head":"\nCombined prenatal smoking and drinking greatly increases SIDS risk - News from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scienceblog.com\/niaaa\/267\/combined-prenatal-smoking-and-drinking-greatly-increases-sids-risk\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Combined prenatal smoking and drinking greatly increases SIDS risk\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Children born to mothers who both drank and smoked beyond the first trimester of pregnancy have a 12-fold increased risk for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) \u00a0compared to those unexposed or only exposed in the first trimester of pregnancy, according to a new study supported by the National Institutes of Health.   SIDS is the ... 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