The first direct evidence that marked changes to Antarctic sea ice drift have occurred over the last 20 years, in response to changing winds, is published this week in the journal Nature Geoscience. Scientists from NERC’s British Antarctic Survey (BAS) and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Pasadena California explain why, unlike the dramatic losses reported in the Arctic, the Antarctic sea ice cover has increased under the effects of climate change.
Maps created by JPL using over 5 million individual daily ice motion measurements captured over a period of 19 years by four US Defense Meteorological satellites show, for the first time, the long-term changes in sea ice drift around Antarctica.
Lead author, Dr Paul Holland of BAS says: “Until now these changes in ice drift were only speculated upon, using computer models of Antarctic winds. This study of direct satellite observations shows the complexity of climate change. The total Antarctic sea-ice cover is increasing slowly, but individual regions are actually experiencing much larger gains and losses that are almost offsetting each other overall. We now know that these regional changes are caused by changes in the winds, which in turn affect the ice cover through changes in both ice drift and air temperature. The changes in ice drift also suggest large changes in the ocean surrounding Antarctica, which is very sensitive to the cold and salty water produced by sea-ice growth.”
“Sea ice is constantly on the move; around Antarctica the ice is blown away from the continent by strong northward winds. Since 1992 this ice drift has changed. In some areas the export of ice away from Antarctica has doubled, while in others it has decreased significantly.”
Sea ice plays a key role in the global environment – reflecting heat from the sun and providing a habitat for marine life. At both poles sea ice cover is at its minimum during late summer. However, during the winter freeze in Antarctica this ice cover expands to an area roughly twice the size of Europe. Ranging in thickness from less than a metre to several metres, the ice insulates the warm ocean from the frigid atmosphere above.
The new research also helps explain why observed changes in the amount of sea-ice cover are so different in the two Polar Regions. The Arctic has experienced dramatic ice losses in recent decades while the overall ice extent in the Antarctic has increased slightly. However, this small Antarctic increase is actually the result of much larger regional increases and decreases, which are now shown to be caused by wind-driven changes. In places, increased northward winds have caused the sea-ice cover to expand outwards from Antarctica. The Arctic Ocean is surrounded by land, so changed winds cannot cause Arctic ice to expand in the same way.
Dr Ron Kwok, JPL says, “The Antarctic sea ice cover interacts with the global climate system very differently than that of the Arctic, and these results highlight the sensitivity of the Antarctic ice coverage to changes in the strength of the winds around the continent.”
There has been contrasting climate change observed across the Antarctic in recent decades. The Antarctic Peninsula has warmed as much as anywhere in the Southern Hemisphere, while East Antarctica has shown little change or even a small cooling around the coast. The new research improves understanding of present and future climate change. It is important to distinguish between the Antarctic Ice Sheet – glacial ice – which is losing volume, and Antarctic sea ice – frozen seawater – which is expanding.
Here is a concept, the antarctic ice sheet in the counter weight for your planet Earth……..When it melts the tilt of axis of the Earth increases causing the antarctica to lose sun light and go into ice building mode………and when the ice weight grows back it tilts the earths axis again decreasing the tilt…….Oh one other thing before I forget, massive extinctions occure when this happens…….And the Egg heads at NASA say this very real scenario happens on Mars…….Here’ another note: The northern hemisphere above the ellipsoid is heavier than the southern hemispher. The polar caps have lost trillions of ton of ice weight in the recent past, changing the Earths long held shape of a pumpkin to a sphere or rounder shap, this is causing the equator to shrink, thus placing massive stress on the 3 largest tectonic plates, the Eurasian, North American and Pacific plates, Your ancestors or our Ancient Geo Engineers, use the Pacific plate as the expansion and contraction joint when there are extreme temperature changes on Earth, such as what we are experiencing right now. This is why the Pyramids in the Nile valley were built and that is to lower magma mantle pressure by venting it out of the Hot Spot in the Hawaiian Islands. The problem we have now is crazy humans destroyed the inner working on the Great Pyramid of Giza thus lowering it’s gravity wave or gravity undulation power to lower the gravitational field under the Hawaiian Hot Spot……….Read all about it in”””” “Pyramid Gravity Force” “””””….Or learn how to surf, because a tectonic plate slip is going to wash the face of the planet clean with a 1000 foot high wall of water…..very soon……………Buy a Boat……….if you can……..2012©