Every state in America legislates its own gun laws, but not without significant spillover effects on nearby states, according to a new study by Brown University economist Brian Knight. In a National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) working paper, Knight presents the first state-by-state gun flow analysis. The results indicate that illegal firearms flow from states with weak gun laws to states with strong gun laws, suggesting that traffickers are responding to differences in gun laws across the states.
Using gun tracing data from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, which identify the source state for crime guns recovered in each of the 50 states, Knight constructed an import-export matrix to measure the state-to-state gun trafficking flow. Knight then classified each state on a scale of weak-to-stringent gun regulation using 10 laws deemed significant in terms of reducing trafficking by Mayors Against Illegal Guns, including legislation on straw purchasing, background checks, and required reporting of lost or stolen guns.
Knight’s main findings:
- Trafficking flows respond to gun regulations, with guns flowing from states with weak gun laws into nearby states with strict laws.
- Proximity matters: Trafficking flows are more significant between two nearby states than between two distant states. Thus, a weakening of gun laws has a more significant effect in nearby states.
- The fraction of crimes involving a gun tends to be higher in states exposed to weak gun laws.
A specific example of these spillover effects, or externalities, demonstrated in Knight’s analysis is the illegal gun flow into New York, a state with stringent gun laws. The largest firearm importers to New York are Florida, Georgia, and Virginia — three states in relatively close proximity and with relatively weak gun laws. Knight says the greatest flow of guns is from Indiana to Illinois, with more than 1,000 guns recovered in Illinois in 2009 that originated in Indiana. “Presumably, that’s because Indiana has relatively weak gun laws and is right on the border of Chicago,” he said.
“This analysis suggests there would be benefits associated with having more federal control over gun policy, particularly because the federal government is going to better internalize these types of cross-state spillovers,” said Knight. “On the other hand, there would be a cost of further federal interventions, as a key advantage of decentralization involves the ability of states to tailor policies according to local preferences.”
“Thus, a weakening of gun laws has a more significant effect in nearby states.”
Science fail. Causality not proven; “strengthening gun laws causes trafficking from less-restrictive neighbors” is exactly as true.
“The fraction of crimes involving a gun tends to be higher in states exposed to weak gun laws.”
This strongly implies that states with weaker gun laws have lower gun crime rates. I don’t think that’s what Knight was angling for…
This study bothers me as it is based on illegal gun traffic and you don’t need to be a genius or spend a lot of time to come to the conclusion that guns will move from states with less strict laws to those with stricter laws. We are talking illegal gun traffic, this shouldn’t be used in anyway to justify a national gun law. When criminals are involved they will always have guns only law abiding indivduals won’t have them. If they are outlawed in the US then they will flow from the military or Mexico or some other source. I would call this a “Duh!!” study what does it prove unless it is to be used as another meaningless study to try to justify federal control of fire arms and I say over my dead gun holding body. Long live Liberty, Responsibility and Capitalism.
Frank Wright