Are the British generally more intelligent and informed than Americans? Americans certainly seem to think so, according to a study by Rutgers researchers.
Research published in Journal of Pragmatics examines how American and British English speakers use “right” to respond in conversation.
They found Americans use the word “right” to indicate they are already knowledgeable or informed about a given subject or situation. By contrast, British English speakers use “right” to indicate that what they hear is informative, and relevant to the ongoing interaction.
In this case, Americans hear British speakers claiming to already know what they are being told – even though they don’t.
Because the British use “right” in conversations more than Americans and because of this difference in meaning between a British and an American “right”, its use might signal to Americans that the British are “smarter”, the researchers say.
Additionally, the British accent contributes to the American stereotype that British people are smarter because it sounds more sophisticated than their own.
In developing their analysis, the researchers drew on a collection of approximately 125 segments of everyday conversation and work discussions, including 70 segments in British English and 55 segments in American English.
The study “sheds light on how minute linguistic differences, which we might not even recognize, impact our interactions with others and color our perceptions of their expertise and knowledge,” said coauthor Galina Bolden, professor of communication at Rutgers.
The Rutgers researchers initially became interested in conducting this research when they overheard a “puzzling misunderstanding” between an American and a person from the UK during a conversation.
The findings illuminate different ways speakers can convey their epistemic stances – i.e., how they lay claim to different levels of knowledge. Additionally, the findings demonstrate the payoffs of using the methods of conversation analysis for understanding intercultural communication processes and learning about different varieties of English and other languages.
According to the study, further research could “examine the entire landscape of these kinds of response particles (in particular positions) in the U.S. vs. U.K. data with an eye towards the kinds of stances they convey vis-a-vis prior talk (i.e. what exactly they do internationally). Such analysis might enable researchers to explore whether the differences between the two language varieties are primarily linguistic or cultural.”
Other Rutgers authors included Alexa Hepburn, research professor of communication and Jenny Mandelbaum, professor emerita of communication.
