There is a lot of good advice to help us avoid becoming obese, such as “Eat less,” and “Exercise.” But here’s a new and surprising piece of advice based on a promising area of obesity research: “Wash your hands.”
There is accumulating evidence that certain viruses may cause obesity, in essence making obesity contagious, according to Leah D. Whigham, the lead researcher in a new study, “Adipogenic potential of multiple human adenoviruses in vivo and in vitro in animals,” in the January issue of the American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology published by the American Physiological Society.
The study, by Whigham, Barbara A. Israel and Richard L. Atkinson, of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, found that the human adenovirus Ad-37 causes obesity in chickens. This finding builds on studies that two related viruses, Ad-36 and Ad-5, also cause obesity in animals.
Moreover, Ad-36 has been associated with human obesity, leading researchers to suspect that Ad-37 also may be implicated in human obesity. Whigham said more research is needed to find out if Ad-37 causes obesity in humans. One study was inconclusive, because only a handful of people showed evidence of infection with Ad-37 ? not enough people to draw any conclusions, she said. Ad-37, Ad-36 and Ad-5 are part of a family of approximately 50 viruses known as human adenoviruses.
Researchers now must:
* identify the viruses that cause human obesity
* devise a screening test to identify people who are infected
* develop a vaccine
Screening test and vaccine still a long way off
The Whigham et al. study prompted an editorial in the same issue of AJP-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology by Frank Greenway, professor in the Department of Clinical Trials, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge.
“If Ad-36 is responsible for a significant portion of human obesity, the logical therapeutic intervention would be to develop a vaccine to prevent future infections,” Greenway wrote. “If a vaccine were to be developed, one would want to ensure that all the serotypes of human adenoviruses responsible for human obesity were covered in the vaccine.”
“If one could predict the potential of an adenovirus to cause human obesity by using an in vitro assay or even by animal testing, screening of the approximately 50 human adenoviruses might be accelerated, shortening the time required for vaccine formulation,” Greenway wrote. “Human antibody prevalence in obese and lean human populations appears to be the only reliable method to screen adenoviruses for their potential to cause obesity in humans at the present time,” he noted.
Obesity contagion theory slow to catch on
The notion that viruses can cause obesity has been a contentious one among scientists, Whigham said. And yet, there is evidence that factors other than poor diet or lack of exercise may be at work in the obesity epidemic. “The prevalence of obesity has doubled in adults in the United States in the last 30 years and has tripled in children,” the study noted. “With the exception of infectious diseases, no other chronic disease in history has spread so rapidly, and the etiological factors producing this epidemic have not been clearly identified.”
“It makes people feel more comfortable to think that obesity stems from lack of control,” Whigham said. “It’s a big mental leap to think you can catch obesity.” However, other diseases once thought to be the product of environmental factors are now known to stem from infectious agents. For example, ulcers were once thought to be the result of stress, but researchers eventually implicated bacteria, H. pylori, as a cause.
“The nearly simultaneous increase in the prevalence of obesity in most countries of the world is difficult to explain by changes in food intake and exercise alone, and suggest that adenoviruses could have contributed,” the study said. “The role of adenoviruses in the worldwide epidemic of obesity is a critical question that demands additional research.”
Ad-37 third virus implicated in animal obesity
The theory that viruses could play a part in obesity began a few decades ago when Nikhil Dhurandhar, now at Pennington Biomedical Research Center at LSU, noticed that chickens in India infected with the avian adenovirus SMAM-1 had significantly more fat than non-infected chickens. The discovery was intriguing because the explosion of human obesity, even in poor countries, has led to suspicions that overeating and lack of exercise weren’t the only culprits in the rapidly widening human girth. Since then, Ad-36 has been found to be more prevalent in obese humans.
In the current study, Whigham et al. attempted to determine which adenoviruses (in addition to Ad-36 and Ad-5) might be associated with obesity in chickens. The animals were separated into four groups and exposed to either Ad-2, Ad-31, or Ad-37. There was also a control group that was not exposed to any of the viruses. The researchers measured food intake and tracked weight over three weeks before ending the experiment and measuring the chickens’ visceral fat, total body fat, serum lipids, and viral antibodies.
Chickens inoculated with Ad-37 had much more visceral fat and body fat compared with the chickens infected with Ad-2, Ad-31 or the control group, even though they didn’t eat any more. The Ad-37 group was also generally heavier compared to the other three groups, but the difference wasn’t great enough to be significant by scientific standards.
The authors concluded that Ad-37 increases obesity in chickens, but Ad-2 and Ad-31 do not. “Ad-37 is the third human adenovirus to increase adiposity in animals, but not all adenoviruses produce obesity,” the study concluded.
There is still much to learn about how these viruses work, Whigham said. “There are people and animals that get infected and don’t get fat. We don’t know why,” she said. Among the possibilities: the virus hasn’t been in the body long enough to produce the additional fat; or the virus creates a tendency to obesity that must be triggered by overeating, she said.
Mass screening for these viruses is impractical right now because there is no simple blood test available that would quickly identify exposure to a suspect virus, Whigham et al. said. More work is needed to develop such a test, Whigham said.
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Are really saying that the Virus ad36 doesnt make people fat , so why is there 97 million in the usa , wake up , with all the things farmers do with the food they grow????? BUT the thing is there is a big money in , the Gov of the world will not stop this , and this way they wil kill off more people just like smoking ect you know what i mean .I having seen it on the wall, just wake up , because its to late now .
Touche. Solid arguments. Keep up the great effort.
I every time spent my half an hour to read this blog’s posts daily along with a mug of coffee.
I really think publishing the results of your study NOW was a VERY bad idea. Any obese person or any person who is having weight problems who reads this, will immediately think that it’s not their problem about being obese. It’s a VIRUS!! So, they can just go ahead an eat all they want! Hence, making the problem even worse.
Fed up with Factory farms and battery chickens. We should not have animals treated like this. They have blood and organs and a brain.
The eventual result is viruses, viruses, viruses. From animal to human and each time, getting worse.
We produce far too much food in this world and throw away vast amounts of food. What is the point of these gigantic factory farms? Why is it the aim to stuff people as much as possible with masses of food? Are these people trying to kill us slowly?
That German vitamin thing is insane (or incentive to visit Belgium); there are silly big import taxes on things that weigh over 5oz. and I can see that knocking out getting an occasional gift (which exclude some of that tax. Nice story.
Likewise the fat gardener one. It looks like a gut bacteria change (and probably a rhizome and gut parasite infection) got you there, but I didn’t take the stool samples. Sleep-eating might be next to knock out.
I’m laughing at the people who say they should sue the researchers. How well they worship their dark lord when in the morning, it happens to be too overcast for a nicer sunrise.
I should try to laugh at getting laid making one fat; if your uncertified relationship was the only source of stress in your life maybe you let go more than you set to.
It also makes a bit of sense to say the cold only affects statesiders because we don’t have the bread (from Paneria, eaten as all killed yeasts and bacteria, mind) to sort gut fauna out with whatever signaling, IgE, interleukin and other flavors matter in Europe, Brazil, Polynesia, Australia and Asia. It’s just not on doctors’ agendas much, which is awful; apparently if two-star or better meals and research hospitals get too close, they disintegrate. (Walking distance for doctors is farther than any client will go, too often.)
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Well worth to read this article, thanks for sharing this information. With this article you offered me got a chance to know about this, anyway i say Great Article! and waiting for you next article about this interesting subject.
I see this is a rather old post but it seems not much has advanced to 2010.
Can people gain weight due to a infection?
No question about it – yes
Are all fat people infected? – no idea since there is no screening test.
Probably any chronic infection can change metabolism.
Ones that come to mind.
– Lyme disease
– herpes family virus.
People that have had mono or chicken pox have the herpes virus in their bodies forever. Its dormant held in check by the immune system
Usually when older (60s) or on immunsuppresant drugs the virus can come back.
Even when we have no symptoms the virus is continually trying to come out. On some people the amount of free virus goes up and down, its not zero.
I had this happen to me about 3 years ago. Became ill with flue like illness and gained 60lbs. Mind you I was an active singles tennis player and not fat.
One diagnosis was lyme with secondary viral infections.
Antibiotics (iv) helped but did not due much for the weight gain. I ate the same as my wife and kids yet I still gained weight. I felt flue like all the time and energy levels seemed low.
3 years of various abs I stopped and went on an antiviral. Acyclovir.
After being on the acyclovir for 2 months the weight levels magically dropped. I did not special diet, I drank and ate everything I wanted to.
I drank coke, burgers etc. Also energy levels began to raise.
On blood tests only cytomegalo virus was high, that virus is not susceptable to acyclovir. Lyme (bacterial) infection may be the underlying reason why my body can’t keep the virus in check but once out the virus is much more damaging and debilitating.
There are various levels or degrees to the infection. Like I said there are asymptomatic people that if you check they will show some active viral load. Maybe that load is decreasing their energy 1 percent, hardly noticable. When the infection reaches a certain point it starts to affect other body systems. Its just enough to make you feel chronically tired etc. Not enough to put you in the hospital. These will fly under the radar of your family MD.
Blood tests will mostly be normal. Hymatocrit and C reative proteins may be elevated. This is a non specific indicator of inflammation.
eventually some body system will be affected, pancrease, heart, lung, kidneys. At that point they will name the disease for the affected organ. Your diabetic, you have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome etc, you have RA. Most of the diseases that are diagnosed do not have a known etiology. Its just a name without cause.
The root cause is most likely low grade infection. Most likely virus.
The chronic infection over time causes damage, the damage is very slow, it sort of sneaks up over years.
Why acyclovir helped me?
Either it is active against cytomegalo or its active against another (not detected on blood work) virus.
Even though you may have an active virus the blood titers do not always show it. ie. You can have a very active case of ocular herpes which can lead to blindness and have no increase antibodies over baseline. A study in 2001 demonstrated that trying to use bloodwork to track the progress of ocular herpes is futile.
If we did not see the active virus in the epithelium via microscope we would have to rely on blood work. We would tell the patient, “you can’t have active herpes, the blood work looks normal.
Do you really believe that the skin and eye are the only places we can have an active viral infection? No, they are just places where the doctor can easily see a lesion. If the lesion is in the central nervous system, etc. Other than biopsy there is no easy way to get a look at the tissue. Xrays, MRI only show things when the damage is sever. Low grade damage will not likely show up until its too late. Blood work while useful has many blind spots.
Weight gain over a short period of time has to be explained. Saying its due to age or lack of exercise comes from Drs who either do not understand or don’t care.
If I did not take acyclovir I think I might have hit 300 pounds. I was 185 and in good shape.
The exact mechanism of what it does to the body to cause the weight gain is unknown to me.
Some hypothesis.
1. Decreases the metobolic rate of affected cells. This may be from intracellular viral effects.
2. Changes metobolic rate via central nervous system changes. This might be from low grade inflammation ie. cytokines.
Not saying that all fat people have a viral cause but I will say there are probably a fair number of people out there that have low grade infections as the root cause.
Our screening and detection needs to be better. The problem of letting these low grade infections go on is what happens down the road.
Most hosptials and Drs will treat a sever infection, one in which you are critically ill with body systems shutting down. However low grade ones will slip under the radar. They steal energy but not quite enough to put you in the hospital. The effects are cumulative over months to years. You will see the Dr. for it some day. They will name the disease for the organ that is effected. They will most likely treat the condition from a cook book recipe with little regard as to the why or how it arose.
If these stealty low grade infectors could be screened and treated early a great deal of human suffering could be avoided. Insurance companies should invest money in this because its pay me now or pay me later. The diseases created are not easily fixed, they require frequent office visits which costs insurance providers.
Research for antivirals does not seem to be at the forfront. I think we have had zero ocular antivirals in the past 20 years. Wait, scratch that we do have the new Zirgan from a small company trying to invade the niche market.
Here is a recent article on herpes zoster.
ScienceDaily (Mar. 8, 2010) — Having a shingles infection that affects the eyes may increase the risk of stroke
Increase risk of stroke is the tip of the iceberg. It will affect many areas in the body to varying degrees, essentially aging faster. Its not just increased risk of stroke. I did not have a stroke, but did have massive pulmonary embolism. There were indicators but were ignored. Things like elevated hematocrit (thick blood), elevated Crp, blue feet. Basically the chronic inflammation lead to changes in my blood chemistry which lead to blood clots everywhere. Enough to stop my heart. The clots were treated but the sherlock holmes investigation to the etiology only went as far as testing for genetic blood disorders. The source was ultimately found 2 years later via a infectious disease specialist.
Bottom line is dormant viruses must be held in check. Some people have a more difficult time keeping these in check. It might be the strain of virus, genetic predisposition, medications (steroids) or anything that can reduce the immune system. In my case the unlikely candidate was the so called (Black mold) 6 week exposure lead to pulmonary hypersensitivity reaction and also activation of once dormant virus and bacteria. Over the past 3 years I have learned that most Drs do not have a clue. Some will blame the mold (toxins) some will says its asthma. They only know their specialty and will do their damnedest to fit you into it.
Until we figure out the mechanism I would think a short term course of antivirals (2 months) is worth the risk for people that have unexplained weight gain and fatigue.
There are blood tests that can be of use but they are not always reliable.
I know that this is an older post, but I had the same problem. Very pretty, active, slim little girl in ballet, tap, and jazz. Got Chicken Pox when I was 8-9 and porked out. Eating habits didn’t really change. Energy levels became lower. I too have been diagnosed with PCOS in addition to Endometriosis, Insulin Resistance, and Hypercholesterolemia. This is definately a very interesting correlation to think about.
In 1980 shortly after joining the military I got some sort of illness that the military never diagnosed. I lost 12 pounds while is was sick. It left me tired and weak with mental confusion for 12 months after the symptoms left. In 1989 after repeated exposure to second hand smoke I had more respiratory illnesses. While I took the powerful antibiotics I slept most of the time and was not awake enough to eat much food. I gained 15 pounds and I have never since had the same energy level.
Now each time I get sick I gain weight. Doctors have also put me on anti depressant meds for headaches and I have gained weight. Nothing I have done to loose the weight has worked. Deep in my soul something is telling that there is something to this fat virus/gene. Shauna Pearce
my question Obesity resulting from Chicken Pox?
Submitted by Anonymous on Sat, 2008-03-22 07:15.
I was a slim and active child. I had chicken pox at age 10 or 11, and it was like someone turned the light switch off. I had no energy any more and I started to lose athletic track races. I started to put on weight and was diagnosed with PCOS in my thirties. I did a web searach once and found one woman who had been slim until her twenties when she had chicken pox, and then had unexplained weight gain and she was eventually diagnosed with PCOS. Also I believe she did not change her diet at all.
Has any one else had this happen? Could Chicken Pox be a cause?
This is very interesting. The same thing happened to me when I was 17. I averaged around 135-145lbs and looked quite fit and desirable. Suddenly, I moved in with a man (did not change my diet and eat more) at age 17. I suddenly experienced illness and fatigue. I also experienced rapid weight gain. Between August and December of the same year I went from 145lbs to 220lbs. I was NOT overeating. My diet had NOT changed significantly. I went to the doctor and numerous blood tests were done and everything came out normal, thyroid and all. This was in 1999. Since then I have remained mostly steady around 220lbs, sometimes getting up to 240lbs and with dieting being able to get down to 205. My symptoms were mostly nausea and fatigue, (that was noticeable), however none of this testing was done until after the weight increase was complete.
I’d like to know where this virus came from. I do believe this is possibly true, but the virus is probably man-made and not a naturally occuring virus in our environment. When I think about it, what comes to mind is that this virus can serve many purposes for those with a wicked agenda; just like the AIDS virus. Now just think about how much profit can be made off of fat people from the pharmaceutical, health, medical and food/agribusiness industries – – PLENTY! And don’t forget genocide to reduce the population, after they make a lot of money on us, of course! Could this virus be sprayed on our foods, or maybe directly on us without us even knowing about it?
Let us not forget that parasites (worms) can cause enormous weight gain as well as many other illnesses and debilities common in our population, too! But, of course our doctors are only going to treat the symptoms and not the causes as usual (gatekeepers for big pharma).
CONSPIRICIES ABOUND!