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Kobe University

A Kobe University team found that glucose is excreted into the small intestine, where bacteria transform it into short-chain fatty acids. The endocrinologist OGAWA Wataru explains: “The production of short-chain fatty acids from the excreted glucose is a huge discovery. While these compounds are traditionally thought to be produced through the fermentation of indigestible dietary fibers by gut microbiota, this newly identified mechanism highlights a novel symbiotic relationship between the host and its microbiota.”

Our Bodies Secretly Feed Gut Bacteria Sugar Through Hidden Pathway, Study Reveals

Categories Health

Spinal cord stimulation “is effective for some but not for other patients, and effectiveness is usually evaluated in a short trial of a few days to two weeks prior to permanent implantation. Although this trial is short, it is still an invasive and risky procedure,” says Kobe University anesthetist UENO Kyohei.

Brain scan predicts effectiveness of spinal cord surgery

Categories Brain & Behavior, Health, Technology

Using computational simulation, the Kobe University bioengineer KOH Sangho and his team could show that the fungal wood-separating enzyme binds to a short hemicellulose tail before separating the hemicellulose and lignin portions.

Japanese Scientists Unlock Nature’s Wood-Eating Secrets

Categories Earth, Energy & Environment

Kobe University researcher Naoyuki Hirata was the first to discover that an asteroid impact on Jupiter's moon Ganymede occurred almost exactly on the meridian farthest from Jupiter. This finding suggested that Ganymede had experienced a reorientation of its rotational axis, enabling Hirata to calculate the type of impact that could have caused this shift.

Ancient Asteroid Impact Shifted Jupiter’s Largest Moon

Categories Physics & Mathematics, Space

cartoon of pregnant mouse exercising

New Exercise Molecule Discovery Could Unlock Weight Loss for Stubborn Cases

Categories Health

Nightly automated photography revealed which animals are the main consumers of the fruit: camel crickets (A: Diestrammena japonica, B left: Diestrammena brunneri), ground beetles (B right: Synuchus sp.), earwigs (C, D top: Eparchus yezoensis) and woodlice (D bottom, E: Porcellio scaber).

Tiny Invertebrates Like Woodlice and Earwigs Found to Disperse Seeds, Setting New Record

Categories Life & Non-humans

a. Brain structure comparisons of the following mice: Left: BTBR/R and B6 (normal mouse), Center: Comparison of BTBR/J and B6, Right: BTBR/J and BTBR/R. b. Diffusion tensor imaging to compare differences in nerve fibers. Red indicates the brain regions that were either bigger or had increased numbers of nerve fibers in BTBR/J mice in comparison to either B6 (left and center images) or BTBR/R (right image). Conversely, blue indicates brain regions in BTBR/J mice that were comparatively smaller or had decreased numbers of nerve fibers. These scans revealed particularly significant differences between BTBR/J and BTBR/R mice’s corpus callosum.

Ancient virus genome drives autism?

Categories Brain & Behavior

Each round mass looks like a single fruit, However, each cluster is composed of several thousand fruits, each measuring approximately 0.3 mm in size. Upon closer examination, the clusters can be seen to be composed of numerous red bumps These bumps are not the fruits, but modified leaves that that hide the actual fruits underneath.

Endangered Amami rabbit disperses seeds for non-photosynthetic plant

Categories Earth, Energy & Environment, Life & Non-humans

Fig. 1 Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of AGM. a: Experimental schematic. Cells are isolated from the fetal yolk sac and AGM and their transcripts are sequenced by next-generation sequencing. b: Cell groups from single-cell analysis of AGM progenitor cells are shown. c: Heatmap of top 10 enriched genes in the three cell groups (6, 12, 17) in b. d: Gene enrichment analysis based on protein-protein inter-network of RUNX1, a transcription factor essential for the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT), in which vascular endothelial cells give rise to hematopoietic stem cells.

Does autism begin in the womb?

Categories Brain & Behavior

Diagram explaining the developed artificial intelligence technology

Artificial intelligence that can discover hidden physical laws in various data

Categories Physics & Mathematics, Technology

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