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quantum chromodynamics

An early-career physicist mathematically connects timelike and spacelike form factors, opening the door to further insights into the inner workings of the strong force. A new lattice QCD calculation connects two seemingly disparate reactions involving the pion, the lightest particle governed by the strong interaction. One reaction is known as the spacelike process, where an electron is bounced off a pion. The second reaction, known as the timelike process, is when an electron and antielectron collide, annihilate each other, and produce two pions. The lattice QCD numerical calculation is simultaneously able to describe the spacelike and timelike processes, demonstrating the interconnectedness of different reactions described by QCD. While this connection had been observed experimentally, now physicists have the math to corroborate it.

Physicists Crack the Code Between Matter and Antimatter Collisions in Groundbreaking Calculation

Nuclear theorists in the HadStruc Collaboration have been working on a mathematical description of the interactions of partons using supercomputers, including machines in Jefferson Lab's Data Center.

Physicists Map 3D Structure of Protons and Neutrons Using Supercomputers

A global analysis of experimental data and lattice Quantum Chromodynamics calculations provides insight into the role of the gluons (purple squiggles) contributing to the spin of the nucleon. Gluons are manifestations of the

Theory and experiment combine to shine a new light on proton spin

Understanding of the proton has changed from the 1980s view of the proton as made of three valence quarks (left) to the modern view that it is made of valence quarks, sea quarks, and gluons rotating in different directions around its spin axis (right).

New Theoretical Contribution Helps Examine the Internal Rotation of the Proton

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