To Find New Physics, an AI First Has to Forget the Old Physics It Learned

Two images from the Quijote simulations used in this study. The panels show the same region of the Universe, but in different cosmological models. The top image corresponds to the standard ΛCDM model, while the bottom image shows a universe with massive neutrinos and modified gravity. The differences are subtle, but they reveal how changes in the underlying physics can affect the formation and distribution of cosmic structures.

Teach a machine everything we know about the universe, and you might expect it to spot the cracks in that knowledge faster. The opposite can happen. A neural network trained on the standard picture of the cosmos sometimes turns that education into a blind spot, quietly forcing strange new signals into familiar old boxes. Which … Read more

Teaching Machines to Listen to All Their Sensors at Once

The new method uses deep neural networks to combine data from multiple sources more effectively. Tests show it outperforms existing approaches on standard benchmarks, with strong potential for use in automation, intelligent control, and data-driven engineering.

Somewhere inside a large manufacturing plant, a turbofan bearing is beginning to fail. It will not announce this clearly. One vibration sensor picks up a faint irregularity in the x-axis; another registers a slight temperature drift; a third is recording torque anomalies that might mean nothing at all. Each sensor, considered alone, tells only a … Read more

Shrunken AI Models Reveal How the Brain’s Visual Neurons Actually Work

ML technique "prunes" the model, to make it more compact.

Somewhere in the visual cortex of a macaque monkey, a single neuron fires every time a small dot appears in the right location. Not a circle, not a line — a dot, specifically, at a specific size. For decades, neuroscientists could describe this selectivity without really explaining it. Now, for the first time, they can … Read more

One Night of Sleep Data Can Predict Your Disease Risk Years Ahead

AI image of woman in a sleep lab

The next time someone hooks you up to a sleep study, those sensors tracking your brain waves and heartbeat may not just be  looking for snoring problems. They could be capturing something far more revealing: a physiological signature that can forecast whether you’ll develop Parkinson’s disease, suffer a heart attack, or face dementia, sometimes years … Read more